Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Quotes: symbols for highlighting parts in a sentence or text. Often for identification of quotations or for distancing. For philosophical problems see also mention/use, quasi-quotation._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Peter Geach on Quotation Marks - Dictionary of Arguments
Problem: this cannot be replaced salva veritate by "Robinson", because "it" then becomes senseless. - in the original also not replaceable by "a book", because then it is also senseless. >Senseless. I 110f Fake predicate/fake token/Geach: the philosopher whose disciple (was) Plato was bald - fake: "Plato was bald" - Example: "A philosopher smoked and drank whisky": fake token: "a philosopher smoked"..."and he (or the philosopher (!)) drank... >Predicates, cf. >Pronouns, >Reference. I 110f Fake event/Geach: the philosopher, whose student was Plato, was bald. False: "Plato was bald". E.g. "A philosopher smoked and drank whiskey": false: "A philosopher smoked" - "and he (or the philosopher!) drank ... Solution: "casus": two smoking philosophers, one of which does not drink - sentence does not show which is true - but no psychologizing: ("what the speaker thought of" -) what he said is true, even if not all thoughts were true. False question: to what the subject refers to: "he" or "this philosopher" is not a subject at all. - "And" (conjunction) connects here two predicates, not two sentences. Def fake predicate: if the question is irrelevant to what it is applied to - for example, "everyone loves him or herself" can be true even if "every man loves ---" does not appeal to anyone. -> Anaphora. I 189f Equivalence/Biconditional/GeachVsBlack: "is material equivalent" is not synonymous with "iff and only if" - "three-dash" ≡ is often read as "material equivalent" - equivalence exists only between sentences, not between names of sentences. - Problem: "Tom loves Mary ↔ Mary loves Tom" is only designating when "↔" (three-dash, ≡) is read as "exactly when" and not as "material equivalent". I 199/200 Quotation marks/Geach: E.g. Carnap: If "A" is false, then for every "B" "A > B" is true (quotation marks only on the outside) - This does not contain "B", but "B" directly included in inverted commas. >Variables / >Constants. I 208 Quotation marks/Geach: not a functor that makes the name "Cicero" out of an expression, but an indicator that creates an intentional point of argument into which "Cicero" is inserted. - Thus, iterated quotes have no place in our logic: "name of a name": false. Solution: simple symbol, e.g. "tonk" for the name "Cicero". - Then e.g. for an x, [Tonk] is a name of [x] and [x] is a proper name. - Quasi-quotation: is not a name. >Quasi-Quotation._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Gea I P.T. Geach Logic Matters Oxford 1972 |
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> Counter arguments against Geach
> Counter arguments in relation to Quotation Marks
Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-27